During the Italo-German air raids, many people took shelter in the subway stations. Robert Capa Â© International Center of Photography SPAIN. The civilians were severely affected by the bombings. During this period Italy and Germany started helping the Nationalist forces, and the USSR the Popular Front government. The Nationalist offensive on Madrid, which lasted from November 1936 to February 1937, was one of the fiercest of the Civil War.

1937, was one of the fiercest of the Civil War. The Nationalist offensive on Madrid, which lasted from Nov. A building destroyed by Italo-German air raids. In total, half a million people died during the Spanish Civil war. It is estimated that 55,000 civilians were executed in Republican-held territories. It is estimated that 200,000 Republicans were executed. Nationalist atrocities, known as the White Terror, were characterized by the orders to eradicate any trace of leftism in Spain. Those associated with the losing Republicans were persecuted by the Nationist powers. Thousands of leftist Spaniards were exiled, many of whom fled to refugee camps in southern France. The war ended with a victory for the Nationalists. The United Kingdom and France, among other nations, signed an agreement of non-intervention.

The Republican government was supported by the Communist Soviet Union and the leftist populist Mexico. The Nationalist forces received munitions and soldiers from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. The Nationalist coup was supported by military units from the Spanish protectorate in Morocco, Pamplona, Burgos, Zaragoza, Valladolid, Cadiz, Cordoba, and Seville. The Nationalist group gained the support of the right wing groups such as the conservative Catholic Carlists, the monarchists, and other conservative groups. The war began after a pronunciamiento, a declaration of opposition by a group of generals of the Spanish Republican Armed Forces against to elected leftist government of the Second Spanish Republic. The Republicans, loyal to the democratic, leftist urban Second Spanish Republic, in alliance with the Anarchists, fought against the Nationalists, a Falangist totalitarian, aristocratic, conservative group lead by Francisco Franco. The Spanish Civil War took place from 1936 to 1939.

Hoi4 spanish civil war